In any conflict, materials for field defences will be required. The main questions are how much is sensible to provision in advance, how will its use be organised, and how…

Most armies are not in short supply of things to dig with, and the British Army is no different. At the heavy end, there is Trojan and Terrier, most well…

Physical barriers (apart from wire and ditches) include concrete blocks, beams, and posts, in addition to various improvised obstacles such as vehicles and logs. Spikes and Caltrops Self-evidently, of little…

Both Ukraine and Russia have made use of small UGV's to attack field defences, it is difficult to see a future where these are not a real future threat. Smaller…

Barbed wire and concertina are highly effective against both vehicles and personnel.

Anti-tank ditches (or trenches) are extremely effective, if one has the time and engineering plant.

Counter drone nets and mesh screens, options and discussion

Sandbags and gabions form an essential and enduring component of field defence capability.